1. Introduction Sputtering is a key technology for thin-film deposition. It was first introduced in 1852 to deposit metals that couldn’t be applied through thermal evaporation. Over time, sputtering technology has advanced, leading to the development of magnetron sputtering. Magnetron sputtering uses magnetic fields to control the movement of electrons. This improves the process by...Continue Reading

Evaporation materials play a crucial role in the physical vapor deposition (PVD) processes within the coating industry. These materials, which can be metals, alloys, ceramics, or composites, are used to create thin films on various substrates by heating them to a vapor phase, which then condenses onto the substrate to form a coating. This article...Continue Reading

Introduction Chemical vapor deposition is a coating method that is commonly used to produce thin films and coatings of very high quality. Gaseous reactants are usually used in this process. In chemical vapor deposition, you transport one or more volatile precursors to the reaction chamber. The volatile precursors usually decompose on a heated substrate surface...Continue Reading

White meals are an important category of metals used in various industrial applications, just as alloys are. An old use of white metals is their referencing in the antique trade for describing items suspected of containing silver but not hallmarked. As an example, the term “white metal” is used in the British fine art trade...Continue Reading

An Overview of Magnetron Sputtering Magnetron sputtering, a physical vapor deposition (PVD) process, is a main thin film deposition method for manufacturing semiconductors, disk drives, CDs, and optical devices. Magnetron sputtering has the advantages of high speed, low temperature, and low damage. In this article, let’s take a look at the definition, working principle, and...Continue Reading

What are the Three Generations of Semiconductor Materials? The first generation of semiconductor material The first generation of semiconductor materials mainly refers to silicon (Si) and germanium (Ge) materials. In the 1950s, Ge dominated the semiconductor market and was mainly used in low-voltage, low-frequency, medium-power transistors and photodetectors. However, Ge semiconductor devices were inferior in...Continue Reading