Introduction A solar panel is an arrangement of connected solar cells. It is also referred to as a photovoltaic module. In solar panels, solar/light energy is converted into electrical energy by solar cells. An American named Charles Fritts produced the first commercial solar panel in 1881. Many technological advancements have transformed the first solar panels...Continue Reading

Introduction Thin-film solar panels are becoming more popular all over the world. There are various types of thin-film solar panels and each type has its advantages and disadvantages. This begs the question, of which thin-film solar panel is better suited for you. In this post, we will be exploring two types of thin-film solar panels...Continue Reading

What is CIGS Thin-Film Photovoltaic? Thin-film photovoltaics, also called solar cells, are devices that convert light energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect. The photovoltaic effect explains how voltage is produced when light strikes a material. CIGS (copper indium gallium selenide) is a semiconductor material most popularly known for its use in solar cells with...Continue Reading

Semiconductors are critically important in our world. The most significant application is in computerized or radio waves-powered electrical devices. These semiconductors are made of the widely abundant element, silicon. In fact, silicon is at the core of almost all kinds of electronic devices. One of the reasons why they are widely used in semiconductors is...Continue Reading

The third generation of semiconductor materials are those materials with a wide bandgap (Eg≥2.3eV). They usually have high breakdown electric field, high thermal conductivity, high electron saturation rate and higher radiation resistance. That is why they are used for making high temperature, high frequency, radiation-resistant and high power devices. Typical materials are silicon carbide (SiC), gallium nitride (GaN),...Continue Reading

One of the most widely used transparent conducting oxides is indium tin oxide (ITO) — and for very good reasons. Indium tin oxide is well known for its electrical conductivity, optical transparency, and how easy it is to deposit as a thin film. In most cases, thin films of ITO are deposited on surfaces by...Continue Reading

1. What types of coating technology can be divided into? (1) Vacuum coating (2) Electroplating (3) Chemical reaction (4) Heat treatment (5) Physical or mechanical treatment 2. What are the applications of plasma technology in surface technology? Sputter deposition: Sputtering is the use of high-speed ions to strike a solid sputter target, causing surface molecules...Continue Reading

Semiconductor wafers are the basic material for manufacturing electronic chips. The most important raw material for semiconductor integrated circuits is silicon, which is widely found in rocks and gravels in the form of silicates or silica in nature. The fabrication process of the semiconductor silicon wafer can be divided into three basic steps: silicon purification...Continue Reading

What is Sputtering Deposition? Sputtering deposition, or sputter coating, is one of the physical vapor deposition technology, whereby particles are ejected from a solid target material due to the bombardment of the target by energetic particles. It is an electronic process that deposits thin films of metals or other materials onto a variety of surfaces. Most often,...Continue Reading